Aruba Sports Medicine

Functional evaluations are made to athletes, using test batteries that assess the physical condition of athletes and non-athletes, there is the highest technology to determine the level of development of physical abilities, and individual or group evaluations of all sports are carried out, and recommendations are offered to improve sports performance or physical condition.

Shoulder Dislocation. Bankart and Hill Sachs lesions

The shoulder is the most complex and mobile joint in the human body. As a result, it can suffer from a variety of problems. Many of the ailments are caused by inflammation or tearing of the tendon, as well as problems in the rotator cuff or the bone system.

Among the most frequent injuries we can highlight rotator cuff tear, dislocation, frozen shoulder, bursitis, tendonitis and fractures.

Today we want to focus on two of the most common shoulder injuries, especially in sports: the Bankart injury and the Hill Sachs injury.

Bankart lesion involves the rupture of the glenoid labrum which is a fibrous capsule that is located where the head of the humerus sits. It surrounds the base of the shoulder joint and is responsible for giving it greater stability. This usually results from an anterior dislocation of the shoulder, in other words, when the shoulder moves forward, usually due to trauma, the head of the humerus takes the labrum with it, it tears it off.

 

Hill Sachs injury Hill Sachs fracture is a depression of the posterolateral part of the head of the humerus. It is caused by the impaction of the head of the humerus against the glenoid rim. anteroinferior following a traumatic event that causes a dislocation of the shoulder. During shoulder dislocation, the head of the humerus is crushed against the glenoid, depressed, and deformed.

 

Symptoms

Patients suffering from Bankart and Hill Sachs lesions experience acute pain and a feeling of shoulder instability. If the lesion is small it may not cause any symptoms, but we will generally find the following symptoms:

  • Persistent shoulder pain.
  • Instability.
  • The patient describes how he feels that “his shoulder is coming out.”
  • After the first dislocation, it is common for further episodes of shoulder dislocation to occur.

Treatment

Conservative treatment includes anti-inflammatory drugs, rest, cold application and physical therapy. If this is not sufficient, surgery will be necessary. The patient usually wears a sling for the first week, although it may be necessary for longer.

In most cases, physiotherapy is recommended to help with pain and postoperative sequelae. Physiotherapy treatment will be based on:

  • Mobilization of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints mainly in all their ranges of motion.
  • Myofascial Treatment.
  • Therapeutic massage.
  • Analgesic and anti-inflammatory treatment through physical agents such as:
  • Shortwave
  • Ultrasounds
  • Laser
  • Analgesic Currents
  • Exercise to strengthen the rotator cuff, all the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder and the scapula.
  • Scapular control and stabilization exercise.
  • Stretching of the shoulder and upper limb muscles.
  • Proprioception exercise and conditioning for normal activity.

Athlete Functional Assessment.

Sports practice requires fit and healthy individuals to face the challenges imposed by the performance of physical exercises, whether they are exercises for healthy and recreational purposes or in competitive sports, where the demands reach their maximum expression.

It is essential first of all at the beginning and during sports practice, an evaluation of the physical capacities and the condition of the practitioner is carried out, without knowing the functional state of the athlete there are great risks of damage to health, or in the worst of cases. cases can cause even death; there are many reports of sudden death during intense exercise that have occurred in recent years

Functional assessments have the following purposes:

  • Know the physical and mental health status of the exercise practitioner
  • Determine the level of development of the general and specific physical capacities of the sport (Strength, speed, Endurance, flexibility, etc.)
  • Morphological and somatotype evaluation
  • Prescription of exercises appropriate to the level found in the evaluations
  • Evaluate the Training process throughout its preparation journey.
  • Evaluation of energy systems and devices (Cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, neuromuscular)
  • Nutritional assessment
  • Psychological evaluation
  • Hematological and biochemical evaluation (Hb, glycemia, lactate, urea, hormones, etc.)
  • Know the level of tolerance to Training loads, together with the fatigue indicators.

The functional evaluation is carried out through laboratory and field tests, and through standardized and validated tests the integral evaluation of the athlete is carried out, offering information on the initial and developmental level during the performance of physical exercises.

The tests carried out take into account the sex, age, sport and level of condition of the practitioner.

It is important in the functional evaluation to have technology that allows the precision of the evaluations, the reliability and objectivity of the results are extremely important to establish training programs and physical exercises, which achieve improvement in the performance of the practitioner